The process of digestion breaks down proteins into smaller molecules that are used to rebuild other proteins. During digestion,

The process of digestion breaks down proteins into smaller molecules that are used to rebuild other proteins. During digestion, proteins undergo chemical changes.

Option: D

Explanation:

Proteins are broken down into amino acids considered the foundational element. When issued, these tiny molecules can then be consumed into the bloodstream via the gut wall. An enzyme is a protein which can regulate biochemical response rate. An enzyme integrates a water molecule around the bond in enzymatic hydrolysis processes which allows it to split.

The bonds which hold together the amino acids are recognized as peptide bonds. A hydrolysis process comparable to that included in splitting up carbohydrates is required to break the peptide bonds within a protein. Enzymes identified as proteases are required for the protein to disintegrate.

b) extracellular digestion only.

Explanation:

By extra cellular we mean to say that the digestion does not take place inside a cell. The digestion takes place in the lumen of alimetary canal instead. The alimentary canal is same as digestive tract. In small intestine which is a part of alimentary canal, the enzymes secreted by various glands help in the breakdown of complex food materials like carbohydrates, proteins, lipids etc. into simpler food materials like glucose, amino acids, glycerol & fatty etc. respectively. The reason why the complex food materials are broken down into simpler and smaller food materials is because complex food materials are bigger in size so they are unable to enter the blood vessels. After breakdown when they become small in size and they can easily enter the blood vessels. With the help of blood vessels they are transported to all the living tissues/cells of the body.

So food must be broken down into smaller molecules before it can be absorbed through the blood and transported to cells throughout the body.

Explanation:

Digestion in humans is the process by which food and drink are broken down into smaller parts so that the body can use them as a source of energy to form and maintain tissues. It starts in the mouth, when we chew and eat, that is called mechanical digestion. And it ends in the small intestine, that's called chemical digestion. Although the chemical process varies depending on the kind of food.

So food must be broken down into smaller molecules before it can be absorbed through the blood and transported to cells throughout the body. Then the polymers (large molecules such as carbohydrates, proteins or lipids) are degraded into the simpler components called monomers (monosaccharides, amino acids, glycerol and fatty acids). These monomers are the ones that the body can absorb for use, it cannot do so with large, complex molecules.

They need to be broken down into monomers to build new polymers that the body can use, and into molecules small enough to cross the cell membrane.

Explanation:

It should be understood that the two major types of digestion are chemical and mechanical digestions.

It should be noted that during the mechanical digestion, the food is physically broken down into smaller pieces, while the chemicals produced by the body break foods into their smaller chemical building blocks during the chemical digestion.

It should be known that both mechanical and chemical digestions start the same way , that is, from the mouth, and that most mechanical digestion and some chemical digestion occurs in the stomach.

Therefore, the major reasons why the foods are needed to be digested or broken down are the options given above.

Answer/Explanation:

Iodine solution turns from a brown colour to black/blue colour in the presence of starch. Benedict's turns from clear blue to brick red in the presence of sugars. Amylase is an enzyme that breaks down starch into sugar, and works best at 37C.

a. Tube A contains 1% starch solution and amylase, at 37C. Therefore, starch will successfully be broken down, meaning iodine will remain brown, and Benedict's will be brick red

Tube B consists of 1% starch solution and boiled amylase, at 37C. Because the amylase has been boiled, the protein will be denatured. This means it will no longer work as an enzyme to break down the starch into sugar. That means the starch will remain. Therefore, iodine will be blue black, and Benedict's clear blue, as there will be no sugar present.

Tube C contains 1% starch solution and amylase, at 20C. This is too low a temperature for amylase to work, therefore, iodine will be blue black, and Benedict's clear blue, as there will be no sugar present through amylase breaking down the starch

Tube D contains 1% starch, amylase at 37C and hydrochloric acid. Hydrochloric acid will also denature the amylase enzyme, meaning Benedict's clear blue, as there will be no sugar present through amylase breaking down the starch

b. Amylase is secreted by the salivary glands as part of the first step in the breakdown of carbohydrates during digestion. Amylase breaks down starch into smaller sugars through hydrolysis. Accompanied with mechanical breakdown by the actions of chewing, the sugars are further broken down into smaller monosaccharides throughout digestion as a source of energy for respiration

c. 37C is the temperature of the human body and the optimal temperature at which most cellular enzymes function, meaning they work most efficiently at 37C.

d. Hydrochloric acid is present in the stomach, making the contents acidic and promoting the breakdown of large food molecules into smaller components.

It would definitely be the breaking down of food for energy based purposes.

lipases

amylases

nucleases

proteases

hope this helps!

lipases

amylases

nucleases

proteases

An animal that relies on a digestive tract for digestion breaks down food by "b) extracellular digestion only" since digestion happens at all levels of the organism.  

Animals with digestive tracts rely on extracellular digestion to break down food. You can remember this by extracellular meaning outside the cell, so because the stomach of the animal isn't a single cell, it's extracellular. Hope this helps!

Side note: Intracellular digestion happens inside the cell (Hence the name), in the cytoplasm